Gas heater



Nov. 9 1926. 1,606,390

H. SCHMUCK GAS HEATER Eiled. Match. 1. 1925 5 5 5 I J I zfttvrngys.

Patented Nov. 9, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HEINRICH SGHMU'CK, OF HAIIBUBG, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO THE FIRM OF PHABOS FEUEEBTKTTEH GESELLSCEAI'I I. B. 3., OF HAMBURG, 1, GERMANY.

GAS HEATER.

Application filed larch 21, 1825, Serial No. 17.313, and Germany June 22, 1922.

The invention relates to gas-heaters for heating air and other gases as well as for heating liquids and the like.

Gas heaters are known in which an ordinary gas jet is inserted into one end of a tube which is open at both ends, so that the gas is burnt in the tube, while simultaneously drawing the required amount of air, and the wall of the tube is heated by the gases. This low pressure gas heating which it has been proposed to use, for example, for baking ovens aswell as for heating liquids, has the disadvantage that owing to the strong draft, cold external air is admitted which detracts considerably from the heating effect.

Moreover it is difiicult to adjust'correctly the proportions of gas and air in the mixture and the combustion is therefore generally incomplete because an excess of gas is drawn off unutilized.

The same disadvantages obtain if the gasheated heating elements are formed by a burner tube provided with a plurality of outlet nozzles inserted alon its entire length into a larger tube open at both ends, so that this external tube is heated at a large number of places. The adjustment of the heating effect is also diificult in this case and the heating of the walls of the heating element is not uniform, apart from the fact that the burner nozzles are easily choked and are diflicultly accessible.

The present invention aims at overcoming the above and other disadvantages in gas heaters having a radiating pipe for transferrin the heat. According to the invention, said radiating pipe is connected to a. combustion chamber the rear of which is shut ofi from the surrounding air. In the combustion chamber a mixture of gas and air, either of which may be under comsider ible pressure when mixed with the other, is burned, and the heating gases produced by this combustion are pased through the radiating pipe. The ob ect of heating the radiating ifpipe in this manner is to ensure a very e ective utilization of the heating gases, which in consequence of the employment of a special combustion chamber which is shut off from the surrounding air, are burnt without creatin a strong draft of air and without the admission of cold external air. The radiating pipe through which the combustion gases pass, when suitably dimensioned, utilizes the heat of combustion to a high degree. The heating effect I panying drawing, the single figure of which shows a section through a heating element which embodies my invention.

The burner 2 is inserted into the combustion chamber 1, of refractory material, said burner being supplied throu h the conduit 3, with a mixture of gas an air which mixture burns within the interior of the combustion chamber. Burner 2 is sur rounded by a plate 4, which shuts off the combustion chamber 1 from the surrounding air. A small opening 6 adapted to be closed by a slide 5 is however provided in the plate 4 for the purpose of lighting the burner, this opening remaining closed when the burner is in operation.

A radiating pipe 7 is connected to the combustion chamber 1 which pipe may for example be bent into the shape of a U or mafiy also be straight. This pipe 7 leads to a ue 8 The heating element operates in the following manner z The flame of the gas mixture issuing from theiburner 2 and reviously adjusted to the v correct pro ortion of gas and air, is developed in t e combustion chamber 1 and burns under exclusion of air. The heating gases produced are forced by virtue of their pressure, in the direction of the arrow 9 through the pipe 7 and give olf their heat to the walls of the pipe 7. The waste gases ar drawn ofl' from the flue 8 and may, if desired, be utilized for pro-heating air or for other purposes. The heating element can for example be employed for drying air which may, for instance, be conducted on the counter-current principle through a larger pipe surrounding the heating element. The new heating element may also be utilized for heating water or other media.

In order to provide means for regulating the temperature and pressure of the heating gases, the combustion chamber is provided at its forward end with an aperture 12, through which is introduced a conduit 11 terminating in a jet 10, the conduit 11 being of less cross-sectional area than the aperture,

and connected to a suitable source of com PIGTSEd air. 1n this manner the heat developed in the combustion chamber at a high temperature and low pressure can be transformed into heat at a high pressure and lower temperature with a simultaneous increase in volume, which is desirable for many heating purposes.

Compressed air is introduced into the conduit 7 through the jet 10, and air of ordinary pressure may be aspirated simultaneously through the opening 12 surrounding the conduit- 11' for the compressed air. The compressed air and the aspirated air are mixed with the heating gases from the combustion chamber 1 and a mixture of a higher pressure and lower temperature is thus produced.

The aspirated air may he preheated by the waste gases which may if desired, themselves be used for aspiration. By regulating the quantity and the pressure of the compressed air. the temperature as well as the pressure of the gas mixture heating the walls of the tube 7, can be easily adjusted to any desired degree.

The details of the invention may be moditied in various ways differing from those shown in the drawing.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that. what I claim is 1. A heater comprising a tubular combustion chamber closed at its rear end, a gas burner in said chamber, means for supplying a mixture of air and gaseous fuel to said burner, a radiating pipe communicating with the forward end of said combustion chamber to receive the products of combustion therefrom, wardly of said burner for introducing a stream of compressed air into said radiating pipe.

2. A heater comprising a combustion chamber closed at its rear end, a gas burner in said chamber, means for supplying a mixture of air and gaseous fuel to said burner, a radiating pipe communicating with the forward end of said combustion chamber to receive the products of combustion therefrom, said combustion chamber being provided with an aperture positioned forwardly of said burner for admitting air, and a conduit projecting through said aperture for introducing a stream of compressed air into said radiating pipe, said conduit being spaced from the walls of said aperture to permit the passage of additional air through said aperture.

In testimony whereof I have afiixed my signature this 23rd day of Febr. 1925.

HEINRICH SCHMI ICK.

and a jet positioned forterminating in a jet 10, the conduit 11 being of less cross-sectional area than the aperture, and connected to a suitable source of comprersed air. In this manner the heat developed in the combustion chamber at a high temperature and low pressure can be transformed into heat at a high pressure and lower temperature with a simultaneous increase in volume, which is desirable for many heating purposes.

Compressed air is introduced into the conduit 7 through the jet 10, and air of ordinary pressure may be aspirated simultaneously through the opening 1.2 surrounding the conduit 1] for the compressed air. The compressed air and the aspirated air are mixed with the heating gases from the combustion chamber 1 and a mixture of a higher pressure and lower temperature is thus produced.

The aspirated air may he preheated by the waste gases which may if desired, themselves be used for aspiration. By regulating the quantity and the pressure of the compressed air. the temperature as well as the pressure of the gas mixture heating the walls of the tube 7, can be easily adjusted to any desired degree.

The details of the invention may be modified in various ways differing from those shown in the drawing.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is 1. A heater comprising a tubular combustion chamber closed at its rear end, a gas burner in said chamber, means for supplying a mixture of air and gaseous fuel to said burner, a radiating pipe communicating with the forward end of said combustion chamber to receive the products of combustion therefrom, and a jet positioned forwardly of said burner for introducing a stream of compressed air into said radiating pipe.

2. A heater comprising a combustion chamber closed at its rear end, a gas burner in said chamber, means for supplying a mixture of air and gaseous fuel to said burner, a radiating pipe communicating with the forward end of said combustion chamber to receive the products of combustion therefrom, said combustion chamber being provided with an aperture positioned forwardly of said burner for admitting air, and a conduit projecting through said aperture for introducing a stream of compressed air into said radiating pipe, said conduit being spaced from the walls of said aperture to permit the passage of additional air through said aperture.

In testimony whereof I have afiixed my signature this 23rd day of Febr. 1925.

HEINRICH SCHMUCK.

Certificate of Correction.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,606,390, granted November 9, 1926, for an improvement in Gas Heaters, the name of the patentee is erroneously written and printed as Heinrich Schmuck, Whereas said name should have been written and printed without the umlaut, as Heinrich Schmuck; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Oflice.

Signed and sealed this 28th day of December, A. D. 1926.

M. J. MOORE,

Commissioner of Patents.

Certificate of Correction.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,606,390, granted November 9, 1926, for an improvement in Gas Heaters, the name of the patentee is erroneously written and printed as Heinrich Schmuck, whereas said name should have been written and printed without the umlaut, as Heinrich Schmuck; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Oflice.

Signed and sealed this 28th day of December, A. D. 1926.

[mu] M. J. MOORE,

Acting, Commzlsaioner of Patents. 

